Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market | 2032

Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market | 2032

Segments - by Product Type (Conductive Silver Pastes, Die-attach Silver Pastes, Others), by End-user Industry (Consumer Electronics, Automotive, Industrial, Energy, Others)

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Report Description


Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Outlook 2032

The low temperature pressureless sintering silver pastes market size was USD 1.3 Billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 3.1 Billion by 2032, expanding at a CAGR of 10.2% during 2024–2032.

Silver pastes in this category offer superior properties, such as excellent adhesion, high thermal conductivity, and reliable electrical connections, which are essential for high-performance electronics. The growth of the segment is further fueled by advancements in semiconductor technology and the expanding market for consumer electronics where high-density packaging is increasingly prevalent. As devices become smaller and more powerful, the need for effective heat dissipation solutions such as die-attach silver pastes become more critical, ensuring the growth of the segment.

Low Temperature Pressureless Sintering Silver Pastes Market Outlook

Low temperature sintering silver pastes are preferred in these applications as they can be processed at temperatures that are compatible with the sensitive materials used in many advanced electronic components, thereby enhancing the durability and lifespan of automotive electronics. As the automotive industry continues to evolve with a focus on sustainability and electrification, the demand for innovative and reliable silver pastes is expected to grow, driving the growth of the segment.

Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Dynamics

Market Drivers

The continuous technological advancements in silver paste formulations drives the market. Innovations in chemical composition and processing techniques have enhanced the performance characteristics of these pastes, including improved electrical conductivity, better adhesion, and increased durability under various environmental conditions. These advancements are crucial as they allow for broader application in sensitive electronic devices where high precision and reliability are paramount.

The increasing demand forlow temperature pressure less sintering silver pastesin the electronics and automotive industries fuel the growth of the market. In the electronics industry, the ongoing trend toward more compact and integrated devices has escalated the need for materials that can be applied in fine-line printing processes and require low-temperature sintering to avoid damage to heat-sensitive components. Silver pastes are extensively used in the production of printed circuit boards, touch screens, LED lighting, and other electronic components.

Similarly, in the automotive industry, as vehicles incorporate more electronic systems and as the shift toward electric vehicles gains momentum, the need for reliable and efficient thermal management solutions increases. Silver pastes are integral in manufacturing sensors, control units, and other critical electronic assemblies in vehicles. The reliability provided by advanced silver paste formulations is essential for safety and performance in automotive applications, further propelling the demand in this market.

Market Restraints

The high cost associated with the low temperature pressure less sintering silver pastes hinders the market. Silver, as a raw material, is expensive, and its price volatility can significantly impact the overall cost of manufacturing silver pastes. The intricate processing and the need for high purity to achieve desired electrical and thermal properties further elevate the production costs.

These factors make silver pastes a costly option compared to other conductive materials, which can be a deterrent for manufacturers, especially those in cost-sensitive markets. The high cost is particularly challenging for large-scale applications or for industries where cost efficiency is a critical factor, such as in consumer electronics manufacturing, where profit margins can be thin. This cost factor can influence manufacturers to seek cheaper alternatives, potentially limiting the growth of the market.

Market Opportunities

The expansion of the market into emerging markets, particularly in regions such as Southeast Asia, and Latin America creates new opportunities in the market. These regions are experiencing rapid industrial growth, increased investments in renewable energy, and a burgeoning electronics manufacturing sector. As these economies grow, so does their infrastructure for consumer electronics, automotive production, and energy generation, all of which are key application areas for silver pastes.

Countries such as India and Vietnam are becoming hubs for smartphone production and assembly, driven by both domestic consumption and as strategic locations for export-oriented manufacturing. Moreover,the push for renewable energy installations in countries with high solar irradianceopens new avenues for the expansion of photovoltaic manufacturing, which heavily relies on conductive silver pastes for solar cells.


The innovation in sustainable and efficient production techniques opens new avenues in the market. Environmental concerns and regulatory pressures are pushing manufacturers to adopt greener and more energy-efficient production processes. Innovations that reduce waste, lower energy consumption, and decrease the environmental footprint of silver paste production are not only beneficial in terms of compliance with environmental regulations but also resonate with the growing consumer demand for sustainably produced goods.

Additionally, advancements in production technology that enhance yield and reduce process steps can lead to more efficient manufacturing, providing a competitive edge in a market where cost and performance are critical. These innovations not only help in meeting the sustainability goals but also improve the overall economics of silver paste manufacturing, making it an attractive area for investment and development.

Scope of the Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Report

The market report includes an assessment of the market trends, segments, and regional markets. Overview and dynamics are included in the report.

Attributes

Details

Report Title

Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market - Global Industry Analysis, Growth, Share, Size, Trends, and Forecast

Base Year

2023

Historic Data

2017 -2022

Forecast Period

2024–2032

Segmentation

Product Type (Conductive Silver Pastes, Die-attach Silver Pastes, and Others), End-user Industry (Consumer Electronics, Automotive, Industrial, Energy, and Others)

Regional Scope

Asia Pacific, North America, Latin America, Europe, and Middle East & Africa

Report Coverage

Company Share, Market Analysis and Size, Competitive Landscape, Growth Factors, MarketTrends, and Revenue Forecast

Key Players Covered in the Report

Heraeus Holding GmbH; Indium Corporation; Kyocera Corporation; Henkel Corporation; Ferro Corporation; DuPont;de Nemours, Inc.; Noritake Co., Limited; DOWA Electronics Materials Co., Ltd.; Nippon Steel Chemical & Material Co., Ltd.; Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.; Shenzhen Zhongjin Lingnan Nonfemet Company Limited; Shanghai Sinyang Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd.; Advanced Nano Products Co., Ltd.; Daiken Chemical Co., Ltd.; Mitsubishi Materials Corporation; AIM Solder; KAKEN TECH Co., Ltd.; Alpha Assembly Solutions; Harima Chemicals Group, Inc.; and Shenzhen Vital New Material Co., Ltd.

Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Segment Insights

Product Type Segment Analysis

Conductive silver pastes segment dominates the market as these pastes are primarily used to form conductive traces in various electronic devices, including photovoltaic cells, LEDs, and touch screen panels. The growing demand for consumer electronics and renewable energy solutions has propelled the usage of conductive silver pastes. In the photovoltaic sector, conductive silver pastes are essential for creating the front side grid of solar cells, which is crucial for achieving high electrical conductivity and enabling efficient energy conversion.

The automotive industry also contributes to the demand for these pastes, particularly with the increase in production of electric vehicles, where conductive silver pastes are used in sensors, control units, and other electronic components. The demand for conductive silver pastes is driven by the need for materials that can operate effectively at lower temperatures to reduce thermal stress on delicate components, thereby enhancing the reliability and lifespan of electronic assemblies.


Die-attach silver pastes segment is anticipated to expand at a robust growth rate during the projection period, as it is primarily used in the semiconductor industry for attaching semiconductor dies to substrates or lead frames. This segment is critical due to the increasing complexities and miniaturization of electronic devices.

Low temperature pressure less sintering silver pastes are particularly advantageous in applications requiring high thermal and electrical conductivity, such as in power devices and LED lighting. The shift towards more compact and efficient power modules in automotive and industrial applications drives the demand for high-performance die-attach materials.

Low Temperature Pressureless Sintering Silver Pastes Market Type

End-user Industry Segment Analysis

The consumer electronics segment holds a major share of the market, owing to the continuous demand for more advanced and reliable electronic devices such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, and wearable technology. Silver pastes are integral in the production of these devices, particularly in the manufacturing of printed circuit boards (PCBs) and various electronic components where high conductivity is essential. The evolution of consumer electronics towards more compact and integrated designs has necessitated the development of components that can be produced at lower temperatures to avoid damage to sensitive parts.

Low temperature sintering silver pastes meet these requirements by providing excellent electrical connectivity without the need for high-temperature processing, thus preserving the integrity and performance of the components. The increasing consumer demand for faster, more efficient, and high-performing electronic devices continues to drive innovations and developments in silver paste formulations, ensuring the growth of the segment.


The automotive segment is expected to hold a considerable share of the market during the projection period, due to the sector's rapid advancements in electronic systems and the growing trend towards electric vehicles (EVs). Silver pastes are used extensively in automotive electronics such as in sensors, control units, LED lighting, and power converters. The reliability of these components is crucial, as they must withstand harsh operating conditions while maintaining excellent performance.

The shift toward electric and hybrid vehicles has particularly spurred the demand for high-performance conductive adhesives, as these vehicles rely heavily on power electronics and battery management systems that require efficient thermal management and electrical conductivity.

Low Temperature Pressureless Sintering Silver Pastes Market End-user

Regional Analysis

The Asia Pacific dominates the low temperature pressure less sintering silver pastes market, primarily due to its robust electronics manufacturing sector and significant investments in renewable energy technologies. Countries such as China, South Korea, Japan, and Taiwan are key players, with China leading largely due to its massive production scale in consumer electronics and photovoltaic cells. The market in the region is influenced by the rapid expansion of technological infrastructure and the increasing adoption of advanced manufacturing processes that incorporate high-performance materials such as low temperature sintering silver pastes.

The demand in the region is further driven by government policies favoring industrial growth and technological innovation, particularly in
renewable energy and automotive sectors, which are significant consumers of these materials. Additionally, the presence of major electronics manufacturers and a growing automotive industry in the region contribute to the high consumption of silver pastes. The trend toward miniaturization of electronic devices and the push for more efficient solar panels also play crucial roles in shaping the market in the region.


The market in the North America is projected to rapidly grow during the forecast period, with the US leading the region. The market is driven by advanced technological development, particularly in the consumer electronics, automotive, and aerospace sectors. The presence of a large number of high-tech companies and the US is at the forefront of research and development in electronic materials, which fuels the demand for innovative solutions such as low temperature sintering silver pastes.

The automotive industry in North America, especially with the shift toward electric vehicles, creates a substantial demand for reliable and efficient electronic components, directly influencing the growth of the market. Additionally, the region's focus on sustainable energy solutions has led to increased investments in solar energy, further propelling the demand for photovoltaic applications that utilize silver pastes.

Moreover, the market in the region is characterized by high-end applications and a strong emphasis on quality and performance, aligning with the properties offered by low temperature sintering silver pastes. This region's commitment to technological advancements and high-performance materials ensures the rapid growth of the market in the coming years.

Low Temperature Pressureless Sintering Silver Pastes Market Region

Segments

The Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market has been segmented on the basis of

Product Type

  • Conductive Silver Pastes
  • Die-attach Silver Pastes
  • Others

End-user Industry

  • Consumer Electronics
  • Automotive
  • Industrial
  • Energy
  • Others

Region

  • Asia Pacific
  • North America
  • Latin America
  • Europe
  • Middle East & Africa

Key Players

  • Heraeus Holding GmbH
  • Indium Corporation
  • Kyocera Corporation
  • Henkel Corporation
  • Ferro Corporation;
  • DuPont;de Nemours, Inc.
  • Noritake Co., Limited
  • DOWA Electronics Materials Co., Ltd.
  • Nippon Steel Chemical & Material Co., Ltd.
  • Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.
  • Shenzhen Zhongjin Lingnan Nonfemet Company Limited
  • Shanghai Sinyang Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd.
  • Advanced Nano Products Co., Ltd.
  • Daiken Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • Mitsubishi Materials Corporation
  • AIM Solder
  • KAKEN TECH Co., Ltd.
  • Alpha Assembly Solutions
  • Harima Chemicals Group, Inc.
  • Shenzhen Vital New Material Co., Ltd.

Competitive Landscape

Key players in the low temperature pressure less sintering silver pastes market are Heraeus Holding GmbH; Indium Corporation; Kyocera Corporation; Henkel Corporation; Ferro Corporation; DuPont;de Nemours, Inc.; Noritake Co., Limited; DOWA Electronics Materials Co., Ltd.; Nippon Steel Chemical & Material Co., Ltd.; Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.; Shenzhen Zhongjin Lingnan Nonfemet Company Limited; Shanghai Sinyang Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd.; Advanced Nano Products Co., Ltd.; Daiken Chemical Co., Ltd.; Mitsubishi Materials Corporation; AIM Solder; KAKEN TECH Co., Ltd.; Alpha Assembly Solutions; Harima Chemicals Group, Inc.; and Shenzhen Vital New Material Co., Ltd.

Low Temperature Pressureless Sintering Silver Pastes Market Keyplayers

Table Of Content

Chapter 1 Executive Summary
Chapter 2 Assumptions and Acronyms Used
Chapter 3 Research Methodology
Chapter 4 Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Overview
   4.1 Introduction
      4.1.1 Market Taxonomy
      4.1.2 Market Definition
      4.1.3 Macro-Economic Factors Impacting the Market Growth
   4.2 Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Dynamics
      4.2.1 Market Drivers
      4.2.2 Market Restraints
      4.2.3 Market Opportunity
   4.3 Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market - Supply Chain Analysis
      4.3.1 List of Key Suppliers
      4.3.2 List of Key Distributors
      4.3.3 List of Key Consumers
   4.4 Key Forces Shaping the Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market
      4.4.1 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
      4.4.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers
      4.4.3 Threat of Substitution
      4.4.4 Threat of New Entrants
      4.4.5 Competitive Rivalry
   4.5 Global Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Size & Forecast, 2023-2032
      4.5.1 Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Size and Y-o-Y Growth
      4.5.2 Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Absolute $ Opportunity

Chapter 5 Global Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Analysis and Forecast By Product Type
   5.1 Introduction
      5.1.1 Key Market Trends & Growth Opportunities By Product Type
      5.1.2 Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis By Product Type
      5.1.3 Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment By Product Type
   5.2 Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Size Forecast By Product Type
      5.2.1 Conductive Silver Pastes
      5.2.2 Die-attach Silver Pastes
      5.2.3 Others
   5.3 Market Attractiveness Analysis By Product Type

Chapter 6 Global Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Analysis and Forecast By End-user Industry
   6.1 Introduction
      6.1.1 Key Market Trends & Growth Opportunities By End-user Industry
      6.1.2 Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis By End-user Industry
      6.1.3 Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment By End-user Industry
   6.2 Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Size Forecast By End-user Industry
      6.2.1 Consumer Electronics
      6.2.2 Automotive
      6.2.3 Industrial
      6.2.4 Energy
      6.2.5 Others
   6.3 Market Attractiveness Analysis By End-user Industry

Chapter 7 Global Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Analysis and Forecast by Region
   7.1 Introduction
      7.1.1 Key Market Trends & Growth Opportunities By Region
      7.1.2 Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis By Region
      7.1.3 Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment By Region
   7.2 Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Size Forecast By Region
      7.2.1 North America
      7.2.2 Europe
      7.2.3 Asia Pacific
      7.2.4 Latin America
      7.2.5 Middle East & Africa (MEA)
   7.3 Market Attractiveness Analysis By Region

Chapter 8 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Impact 
   8.1 Introduction 
   8.2 Current & Future Impact Analysis 
   8.3 Economic Impact Analysis 
   8.4 Government Policies 
   8.5 Investment Scenario

Chapter 9 North America Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Analysis and Forecast
   9.1 Introduction
   9.2 North America Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Size Forecast by Country
      9.2.1 U.S.
      9.2.2 Canada
   9.3 Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Country
   9.4 Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment by Country
   9.5 Market Attractiveness Analysis by Country
   9.6 North America Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Size Forecast By Product Type
      9.6.1 Conductive Silver Pastes
      9.6.2 Die-attach Silver Pastes
      9.6.3 Others
   9.7 Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis By Product Type 
   9.8 Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment By Product Type 
   9.9 Market Attractiveness Analysis By Product Type
   9.10 North America Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Size Forecast By End-user Industry
      9.10.1 Consumer Electronics
      9.10.2 Automotive
      9.10.3 Industrial
      9.10.4 Energy
      9.10.5 Others
   9.11 Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis By End-user Industry 
   9.12 Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment By End-user Industry 
   9.13 Market Attractiveness Analysis By End-user Industry

Chapter 10 Europe Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Analysis and Forecast
   10.1 Introduction
   10.2 Europe Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Size Forecast by Country
      10.2.1 Germany
      10.2.2 France
      10.2.3 Italy
      10.2.4 U.K.
      10.2.5 Spain
      10.2.6 Russia
      10.2.7 Rest of Europe
   10.3 Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Country
   10.4 Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment by Country
   10.5 Market Attractiveness Analysis by Country
   10.6 Europe Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Size Forecast By Product Type
      10.6.1 Conductive Silver Pastes
      10.6.2 Die-attach Silver Pastes
      10.6.3 Others
   10.7 Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis By Product Type 
   10.8 Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment By Product Type 
   10.9 Market Attractiveness Analysis By Product Type
   10.10 Europe Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Size Forecast By End-user Industry
      10.10.1 Consumer Electronics
      10.10.2 Automotive
      10.10.3 Industrial
      10.10.4 Energy
      10.10.5 Others
   10.11 Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis By End-user Industry 
   10.12 Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment By End-user Industry 
   10.13 Market Attractiveness Analysis By End-user Industry

Chapter 11 Asia Pacific Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Analysis and Forecast
   11.1 Introduction
   11.2 Asia Pacific Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Size Forecast by Country
      11.2.1 China
      11.2.2 Japan
      11.2.3 South Korea
      11.2.4 India
      11.2.5 Australia
      11.2.6 South East Asia (SEA)
      11.2.7 Rest of Asia Pacific (APAC)
   11.3 Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Country
   11.4 Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment by Country
   11.5 Market Attractiveness Analysis by Country
   11.6 Asia Pacific Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Size Forecast By Product Type
      11.6.1 Conductive Silver Pastes
      11.6.2 Die-attach Silver Pastes
      11.6.3 Others
   11.7 Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis By Product Type 
   11.8 Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment By Product Type 
   11.9 Market Attractiveness Analysis By Product Type
   11.10 Asia Pacific Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Size Forecast By End-user Industry
      11.10.1 Consumer Electronics
      11.10.2 Automotive
      11.10.3 Industrial
      11.10.4 Energy
      11.10.5 Others
   11.11 Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis By End-user Industry 
   11.12 Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment By End-user Industry 
   11.13 Market Attractiveness Analysis By End-user Industry

Chapter 12 Latin America Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Analysis and Forecast
   12.1 Introduction
   12.2 Latin America Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Size Forecast by Country
      12.2.1 Brazil
      12.2.2 Mexico
      12.2.3 Rest of Latin America (LATAM)
   12.3 Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Country
   12.4 Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment by Country
   12.5 Market Attractiveness Analysis by Country
   12.6 Latin America Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Size Forecast By Product Type
      12.6.1 Conductive Silver Pastes
      12.6.2 Die-attach Silver Pastes
      12.6.3 Others
   12.7 Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis By Product Type 
   12.8 Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment By Product Type 
   12.9 Market Attractiveness Analysis By Product Type
   12.10 Latin America Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Size Forecast By End-user Industry
      12.10.1 Consumer Electronics
      12.10.2 Automotive
      12.10.3 Industrial
      12.10.4 Energy
      12.10.5 Others
   12.11 Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis By End-user Industry 
   12.12 Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment By End-user Industry 
   12.13 Market Attractiveness Analysis By End-user Industry

Chapter 13 Middle East & Africa (MEA) Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Analysis and Forecast
   13.1 Introduction
   13.2 Middle East & Africa (MEA) Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Size Forecast by Country
      13.2.1 Saudi Arabia
      13.2.2 South Africa
      13.2.3 UAE
      13.2.4 Rest of Middle East & Africa (MEA)
   13.3 Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Country
   13.4 Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment by Country
   13.5 Market Attractiveness Analysis by Country
   13.6 Middle East & Africa (MEA) Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Size Forecast By Product Type
      13.6.1 Conductive Silver Pastes
      13.6.2 Die-attach Silver Pastes
      13.6.3 Others
   13.7 Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis By Product Type 
   13.8 Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment By Product Type 
   13.9 Market Attractiveness Analysis By Product Type
   13.10 Middle East & Africa (MEA) Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market Size Forecast By End-user Industry
      13.10.1 Consumer Electronics
      13.10.2 Automotive
      13.10.3 Industrial
      13.10.4 Energy
      13.10.5 Others
   13.11 Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis By End-user Industry 
   13.12 Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment By End-user Industry 
   13.13 Market Attractiveness Analysis By End-user Industry

Chapter 14 Competition Landscape 
   14.1 Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market: Competitive Dashboard
   14.2 Global Low Temperature Pressure Less Sintering Silver Pastes Market: Market Share Analysis, 2023
   14.3 Company Profiles (Details – Overview, Financials, Developments, Strategy) 
      14.3.1 Heraeus Holding GmbH Indium Corporation Kyocera Corporation Henkel Corporation Ferro Corporation;  DuPont;de Nemours, Inc. Noritake Co., Limited DOWA Electronics Materials Co., Ltd. Nippon Steel Chemical & Material Co., Ltd. Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. Shenzhen Zhongjin Lingnan Nonfemet Company Limited Shanghai Sinyang Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd. Advanced Nano Products Co., Ltd. Daiken Chemical Co., Ltd. Mitsubishi Materials Corporation AIM Solder KAKEN TECH Co., Ltd. Alpha Assembly Solutions Harima Chemicals Group, Inc.  Shenzhen Vital New Material Co., Ltd.

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